Ausnahmebehandlung

exception
    logic_error
        domain_error
        invalid_argument
        length_error
        out_of_range
    runtime_error
        range_error
        overflow_error 
        underflow_error 
    bad_alloc	thrown by new on allocation failure
    bad_cast	thrown by dynamic_cast when fails with a referenced type
    bad_exception	thrown when an exception type doesn't match any catch
    bad_typeid	thrown by typeid
    ios_base::failure	thrown by functions in the iostream library